This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on domestic innovation based on a data set covering … show that there is a negative horizontal spillover effect of FDI on domestic innovation when the intellectual property …'s accession to the World Trade Organization) (WTO) in 2001. We also show that there is a positive upstream spillover effect of FDI …

. Data is compiled from specialized press and international and national economic institutions (such as the World Trade … determinant for attracting pharmaceutical FDI provided that it is a part of a strong innovation system and active innovation …