As China is dependent on oil and gas imports to maintain its high growth rates, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and Central Asia have become increasingly important for the country's economic development. In May 2014, China and Russia signed a new gas deal, for example, and in recent...

Armenia has already signed some agreements with China to participate in the BRI project while no concrete measures are financed by the initiative. But what are the economic advantages and disadvantages of the BRI? While funding of some for Western financiers unattractive projects by China is a...

It seems that the "globalization" has failed. Instead, a rising number of people in the Western world prefer old nationalist and protectionist policies. One reason may be the challenge by structural change. Main goal of this paper is to find out if any structural change and any spread of income...

Studies into the Wealth of Nations have been the aim of economics since Adam Smith. However, the spectacular rise of some economies, beginning with industrializing England in the 18th century, has been of particular interest. England's rise has been as miraculous in the eyes of the observers as...

While Korea since several decades promotes an infrastructure project called "iron silk road", to link it with European markets, but also to integrate North Korea more into the world economy, these ideas largely ended nowhere. Instead, the Chinese proposal of the "One Belt, one Road" (short BRI)...