We estimate the value of Chinese invention and utility model patents that were applied for during two periods, 1987-1989 and 1986-1998. We find that patents applied for by foreign entities invariably have higher value than do those applied for by domestic entities, and the gap is significant....

To date there has been few systematic and comparative empirical analyses of the nature of economic development in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of structural change between 1980 and 2010, focusing on the...

A comparative study is undertaken that explores Chinese and Indian pharmaceutical industries under different patent regimes. It is found that relative to India, which had implemented process patent until 2005, China with a product patent regime since 1993 suffers from both lower drug...

The objective of this paper is to investigate the innovative performance of China's NIS in international comparison and the capacity of China's NIS in creating indigenous innovation. We provide insights drawing upon patent data and using patent families to determine the value of the underlying...

Intangible knowledge capital (IKC) - technology produced by workers but not embodied in them - can offset the middle income trap as China exhausts the benefits of international technology transfer. IKC is productivity-enhancing among Chinese enterprises - more so in domestically owned than in...

This paper aims to mapping the biotechnological regulatory aspects in China. It presents the historical evolution of biotechnologies in the country, focusing on the public support to the area. It discusses the main changes on Chinese Patent Law and details the patentable subject on...

We develop an index that compares the quality of Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications by considering citations generated by International Search Reports (ISRs). In its most restrictive variation, i.e. excluding citations from the home country and self-citations, the ISR index is not...

Because China has become one of the largest applicants of PCT patents, it is of interest to compare the quality of Chinese and non-Chinese applications. We extend a quality index based on internationally comparable citation data from international search reports (ISR) to consider foreign,...

This paper explores whether the patent law and intellectual property rights (IPR) system have resulted in innovation in China during the reform period. It appears that the patent laws have produced a stock of patents, where the success rates of patent applications are fairly uniform across the...

This paper tries to analyse some important and present aspects of the European Union situation in the innovation activity, relatively to its main competitors on the global market: USA, Japan and China. The study shows that, although EU has been for many years behind USA and Japan and before...