Carbon emissions trading markets are one of the main policy mechanisms of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to encourage the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Grasslands cover 40% of the PRC’s land area, and these contain large amounts of carbon. Restoration and sustainable...

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is being impacted by climate change. The resulting degradation and desertification of grasslands are projected to lead to decreased productivity and severely affect livestock and ecosystems. Financial incentives are required to improve environmental...

Climate change is a threat to Mongolia’s economic growth, sustainable development, and fragile environment. Well-designed actions to mitigate climate hange can provide multiple benefits, including socioeconomic development and resilience to climate variability and change. Nationally...

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with theoutlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

A key legacy of the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 is a sustained drop-off in the investment rates of East Asian countries that were hardest hit by the crisis. We first review the stylized facts of investment in those countries, and then explore and evaluate the various possible...