This working paper systematically analyzes the dynamic commercial relationship between China and Africa. Utilizing Natural Language Processing and content analysis of meticulously collected policy documents, this study finds that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and other proposals by...

Both India and China are large economies. Their domestic markets provide vast scope for diversified industrialization and trade. Both economies are classified by international agencies as emerging markets with potential for rapid economic growth. China's entry into the WTO was an important event...

This paper argues that China’s attitude to multilateral trade is unclear. Moreover, China assumes little responsibility to maintain international order in global economic governance. Furthermore, this paper argues that China should hide less behind the status of a developing country and stand...

Coronavirus (CoV) is a huge group of infections that causes illness. It ranges from the regular virus to progressively extreme illnesses like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). The epic coronavirus is another strain of infection that has...

The relevance of fintech development in Kazakhstan is evident due to the ever‑growing role of financial technologies not only there but also worldwide. This expansion is closely tied to the progress of electronic commerce and advertising, technical development, socio‑demographic changes, and...

Over the last two decades, globalisation has led to the rapidly increasing growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) all over the world. China, one of the largest net importers of FDI in the world, represents a country with a substantial share of foreign ownership whose FDI experience has been...

This paper is concerned with three questions: (a) how would a stockmarket help economic and industrial development in a country like China; (b) will a stockmarket be system-compatible; and (c) if a full-fledged stockmarket is indeed introduced in a socialist economy, can its “negative...