Since its first occurance in January 2020 COVID-19 has spread globally. In order to contrain the COVID 19, China has adopted a zero-covid policy and consequently contributed to local economic crises in the form of slowed industry growth. Consequentily in the first Quarter of 2020, this crisis...

This paper estimates the rate of intergenerational social mobility of status in Late Imperial, Republican and Communist China by examining the changing social status of originally elite surnames over time. It finds much lower rates of mobility in all eras than previous studies have suggested,...