sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade …A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust …

sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries’ trade with China and Russia increases under US trade …A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust …

Using both the onset of the US-China trade war in 2018 and the most recent Russia-Ukraine war and associated trade … significantly decreases their trade with these jurisdictions following sanctions, government-linked firms show a marked contrast. In … sanctions. The increase is large - roughly 33% (t=4.01). We find no increase broadly to other countries (even countries in the …

sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade …A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust …

sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade …A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust …

sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade …A frequently employed argument against imposing international sanctions is that rival superpowers are likely to bust …