Market demand is an important driver for inducing innovation, with many empirical studies supporting the demand-induced innovation hypothesis. Critiques of such studies, however, emphasize that new empirical evidence under clear policy context is needed. Furthermore, existing literature...

The capture and permanent storage of CO2 emissions from coal combustion is now widely viewed as imperative for stabilization of the global climate. Coal is the world’s fastest growing fossil fuel. This trend presents a forceful case for the development and wide dissemination of technologies...

China has emerged as a leader in coal liquefaction. While the country's abundant coal resources and acute concerns about oil security help explain China's interest in liquefaction, the driving forces for this industry are complicated and policy has been inconsistent. Since 2006 Beijing has tried...