Shopping on e-commerce platforms is no longer a new phenomenon. Buying and selling goods on this medium naturally gives rise to cross-border transactions that involve the internet. Due to the size of the population, Chinese e- commerce platforms such as Taobao and T-Mall of Alibaba, and JD.Com...

This paper uses the product-level data from 1997 to 2015 to analyze whether the trade policy substitution hypothesis is applicable to China. Our empirical research shows that there is a substitution relationship between China's temporary trade barriers and tariff reductions. Additionally, this...