Assessments of the Russian invasion of Ukraine are limited to 20th century ideas of conquest/colonialism. They are tied … certain similarities to the division of the Ottoman Empire from 1919. The goals of the current invasion, however, are seen in …, an ISIS like disaster of war lords in both Ukraine and Russia or some negotiated settlement that ends the war in a …

Great Chinese Famine (1958-1961) on the survivors' political distrust. Using a novel nationally representative survey, we … employ a difference-in-differences framework to compare citizens who were exposed to the Famine versus those who were not …, across regions with differential levels of drought during the Famine. The Famine survivors inferred the government …

This paper empirically examines the role of radical grain yield targets in triggering China's Great Famine (1959 … targets caused excessive procurement and subsequent famine. Our estimates show that a one-standard-deviation increase in grain …

the pan-Soviet famines of 1931-33, the Ukrainian Holodomor, the Kazakh great hunger, and the terrible famine of 1959-61 in …