to reach sustainability goals in a cost-effective way. The report also provides an in-depth analysis of policies designed … to address key threats to sustainability in the areas of climate change and natural resource management, as well as of … those that respond to sustainability concerns at the sectoral and sub-national level. The common thrust of the report is …

We provide ex-post empirical analysis of the effects of climate policies on carbon dioxide emissions at the aggregate … and emissions trading systems (ETS), as well as the overall stringency of climate policies. We use dynamic panel … mix. We find that higher carbon taxes and prices of permits in ETS reduce carbon emissions. An increase in carbon taxes by …