Disputes related to environmental protection and, more recently, also climate change have played a major role in the history of WTO dispute settlement. The balancing of trade and non-trade concerns may be further put to the test with the gradual strengthening of climate action. Although an...

When the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) entered into force in 2005, it formed one of the first international agreements that specifically aimed at enlisting private actors (most often foreign investors) to set up green development projects in...

Can economic development and the fight against climate change be integrated successfully? What role, if any, does international investment law play in global climate governance? Can foreign direct investments (FDI) be tools in the struggle against climate change? What types of claims have...

In addition to the general non-commercial risks that may affect any foreign direct investment, low-carbon investments face specific risks related to the mechanisms of public support that states develop to enable the financial viability of such projects. In the absence of the full internalization...

This Article examines the role of international adjudication as a mechanism for resolving international disputes and promoting global peace and security in an era of climate change. The central claim is that adjudication has limitations that make it ineffective as a tool for resolving...

This article explores the connection between obligations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions under the climate change regime and obligations to protect the marine environment under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Within the context of the state of the science...