Malaysia’s success story has been highlighted by the remarkable social transformation and poverty reduction … down to 5.6 percent, 90 percent of adults are literate, and life expectancy is up to 68 years. Although Malaysia … for poverty reduction in Malaysia. The results show that growth explains much, but not all, about the evolution of poverty …

causality in Malaysia. In the long-run health care spending and income are bi-directional Granger causality, while there is uni …This study employs the Granger causality test within a multivariate cointegration and error-correction framework to … investigate the relationship between health care spending, income and relative price in Malaysia. This study covers the annual …

Malaysia. In addition, the Granger causality test within the vector error-correction model (VECM) is used to ascertain the … Malaysia's manufacturing sector using annual data from 1980 to 2009. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses the Johansen … direction of causality between the variables of interest. Findings – The Johansen test suggests that real wages and labour …

This study is to empirically investigate the effect of real wages on productivity in Malaysia using monthly data from … relationship. Hence, the effect of real wages on productivity is not monotonic. Furthermore, the Granger causality test indicates … that real wages and productivity is bilateral causality in nature. …

affect it in Malaysia over a long run. The Granger causality results reveal that technology innovation Granger-cause economic … economic growth, energy prices and technology innovation in Malaysia on the other over the period, 1970–2009. The results of … growth and electricity consumption in Malaysia. Moreover, we find that electricity consumption and economic growth Granger …

-test reveals strong unilateral causality running from real income to health care expenditure in Malaysia. …This study re-visits the health-income nexus for Malaysia using alternative econometric techniques which addressed on …. Therefore, our findings support the health care luxury hypothesis in Malaysia. From policy view point, the system-wise Rao’s F …

health care luxury hypothesis in Malaysia. From policy view point, the system-wise Rao’s F-test reveals unilateral causality …This study re-visits the health-income nexus for Malaysia using alternative econometric techniques which addressed on … running from real income to health care expenditure in Malaysia. …

Malaysia. In addition, the Granger causality test within the vector error‐correction model (VECM) is used to ascertain the … Malaysia's manufacturing sector using annual data from 1980 to 2009. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses the Johansen … direction of causality between the variables of interest. Findings – The Johansen test suggests that real wages and labour …