This paper defines the power of a media organization as its ability to induce voters to make electoral decisions they would not make if reporting were unbiased. It derives a robust upper bound to media power over a range of assumptions about the beliefs and attention patterns of voters. The...

The media industry is unique in its ability to spread information that may influence the democraticprocess. This influence depends on where and how citizens get their political information. While previous research has examined news production and consumption on specific media platforms—such as...