We examine the poverty rates and the income configurations among Japan and the LIS countries. The LIS countries are … decreasing recently in Japan. In Japan and Taiwan even in households cohabiting with children, the poverty rates and income … configurations differ depending on the marital status of the children. Poverty rates are higher in case of cohabiting with unmarried …

of government spending or in terms of restricted access to certain benefits. In the area of family policies, however, a …