, the effects of demography, education, and regional migration on the Black-white income gap are disentangled using census …The relative incomes and education-levels of Black and white populations in the United States and Brazil are considered … during this period, followed by demography and migration. While both countries have made gains towards racial equality, their …

-standing) attributes in a culture set are. We illustrate these ideas using examples from African, England, China, the Islamic world, the …