Antitrust law enforcement against vertical restraints has made great progress since the 1970s, building on the advances in economic thinking. Challenges to vertical mergers are rare and most vertical restraints are not prohibited without an analysis of their anticompetitive effects. Most...

Much government policy focuses on improving the supply-side conditions of product rivalry, but policymakers rarely address the potential beneficial impacts of improving the demand-side conditions of rivalry. This paper suggests that focus on such demand-side elements can yield substantial...