How should multilateral trade policy be designed in a world in which countries differ in terms of market access and technology, and firms with market power differ in terms of productivity? We answer this question in a model of monopolistic competition in which variable markups increasing in firm...

The Internet has dramatically reduced search costs for customers through tools such as shopbots. The conventional wisdom is that this reduction in search costs will increase price competition leading to a decline in prices and profits for online firms. In this paper, we provide an argument for...

The report's main objective is to assess the role that competition has played in the weak development of R&D investments in the Finnish corporate sector in the 2010s. The data suggest that the degree of competition relates to differences in Finland's industry-level R&D-intensity developments in...

Despite the pervasive phenomenon of scale economies the majority of firms hasalways been small firms. The emergence of small firms as a means of economic development on both sides of the Atlantic has been one of the major new topics of economic policy since the 1980s. This has drawn renewed...

This paper presents a simple model of airline schedule competition that circumvents the complexities of the spatial approach used in earlier papers. Consumers choose between two duopoly carriers, each of which has evenly spaced flights, by comparing the combinations of fare and expected schedule...

The report's main objective is to assess the role that competition has played in the weak development of R&D investments in the Finnish corporate sector in the 2010s. The data suggest that the degree of competition relates to differences in Finland's industry-level R&D-intensity developments in...

The median income of Asian households is the highest of all racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. In a laboratory experiment, we examine whether Asians are more willing to compete and have greater competitive preferences than non-Asians. Both with and without controls for performance, performance...

Abstract In this article we discuss the salient features of the classical and neoclassical theories of competition and we test their fundamental propositions using data from Greek manufacturing industries. The cross section data of 3-digit (total 91) industries of the three (pooled together)...

The Russian grocery retail industry has developed dynamically over the past two decades. The accompanying changes in competition and consumer behaviour make it an interesting subject for analysis, but full-fledged empirical studies in this area have not yet been conducted. This is largely due to...

In this paper, we take a first step toward exploring empirically the product assortment strategies of oligopolistic firms. Our starting point is a discrete-choice demand model for differentiated products. We incorporate the demand model into an equilibrium supply model, in which firms compete by...