This paper investigates the relationship between the diffusion of EU standards and product quality upgrading using … standards boosts the rate of quality upgrading. However the results are heterogeneous when moving from primary to processed … foods, and from ISO to non-ISO standards. …

-dumping (AD) duty, delving into the economic literature on the political economy of protection, market competition and trade … an industry to claim protection and which are instrumental to the decision of the trade defense authority. The empirical … action/competition, economic performance, factors of production, trade coefficients), reflecting their structural …

compete in fees as well as their certification standards i.e. how strict they are in awarding a certification. Choices of fees … and certification standards induce a signaling game between buyers and sellers where through their choice of intermediary … standards. The leader sets a high standard and the follower sets the minimum standard of certification. This serves to relax …

Most technical standards development organizations (SDOs) have adopted internal policies embodying “due process … into specific antitrust requirements that apply to standards development. Given the absence of specific guidance on the … meaning and implications of balance requirements for SDOs under the antitrust laws, it is necessary to review the development …