For decades, economists have encouraged regulators to implement more efficient telephone pricing policies in order to eliminate the pervasive cross-subsidies from usage-based services to basic connections. Slowly, and reluctantly, regulators have moved in this direction. The most recent...

Quality competition, by increasing sunk costs, may produce levels of concentration even higher than expected in its absence. Based on Sutton's model of endogenous sunk costs and quality competition, we show that consumers, under certain conditions, may benefit from higher industry concentration...

From the very earliest antitrust cases to the present, courts have struggled with a fundamental conflict involving contracts between buyers and sellers of intermediate goods. Namely, on the one hand, contractual arrangements binding a buyer to a particular seller frequently are necessary to...