entry of a remote, specialized lender to estimate the impact of specialized lending on credit access. Entry significantly … can deepen credit markets by providing new loans to low-risk but underfinanced small businesses …

of larger out-of-state banks and a decrease in the number of branches of existing local banks. As a result, small … declined by 5.4% and remained lower for several years. The decline in credit supply eventually led to a decrease in the number … demonstrate the critical dependence of small businesses on relationship lending by local banks and show how temporary negative …

of larger out-of-state banks and a decrease in the number of branches of existing local banks. As a result, small … declined by 5.4% and remained lower for several years. The decline in credit supply eventually led to a decrease in the number … demonstrate the critical dependence of small businesses on relationship lending by local banks and show how temporary negative …

discontinuity in the loan approval process of a large bank, the study finds that competing lenders responded to additional loan … financially excluded borrowers, greatly diminishing the profits accruing to the initiating bank. Lenders may therefore underinvest … highlight that information spillovers between lenders may operate outside credit registries …