cities to conduct a field experiment with roughly 350 donation appeals. We induce spatial differentiation by varying the …

This paper presents a formal theory of reciprocity. Reciprocity means that people reward kind actions and punish unkind … ones. The theory takes into account that people evaluate the kindness of an action not only by its consequences but also … the intention underlying this action. The theory explains the relevant stylized facts of a wide range of experimental …

-efficiency, whereas the effects on quality and price are ambiguous. If altruism is high (low), profit-constrained firms offer higher … constraints may improve welfare and be a complement or substitute to a higher regulated price, depending on the degree of altruism …