Considering that the modified and improved ICT service becomes a commodity in the domestic and foreign markets, it can be said with complete certainty that the improved service in the domestic market, i. e. as a commodity, meets the demand of domestic consumers. But the updated and improved ICT...

Advertisements provide consumers with knowledge about private products, whereas political information is required to provide voters with knowledge of public issues. Modern information technologies and globalisation are increasing the exposure of individuals to information. Goods advertising is...

Corruption is known to inhibit economic growth. The dearth of data on actual bribe payments, however, has been the major impediment for reliable quantitative knowledge of bribery and resulted in little consensus in methods of fighting corruption. This paper tests whether increased access to...

Are dominant online search engines monopolies enjoying low contest-ability, due to high barriers to entry, or innovative first-movers? This paper argues that dominant online search engines maintain their leadership through an “innovation feedback loop”: a process whereby increasing R&D...

We find display advertising influences customer search for both the advertised brand and its competitors. We exploit a natural experiment that randomizes ad delivery on 500 million visits to the Yahoo! homepage and compare visitors' subsequent activities on Yahoo! Search. In three advertisers'...

We analyze the linking and versioning strategies of a media firm when facing competition from blogs, search engines and news aggregators. First, we show that when the publisher competes against a blog it is less likely to release a fighting version if this generates signi ficant spillovers for...

Human brain has invented the Computer&upgraded it to a level of Combrains. With Artificial Chemical Memory, these may grow to function as independent Iintellects, Master/Sponsor representatives and self- decision workers with autonomy&supreme capability. Like any human society learn and function...

The paper examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the survival of business start-ups. FDI has potential for both negative displacement/competition effects as well as positive knowledge spillover and linkage effects on new ventures. We find a net positive effect for the whole...

No abstract.