Standards reduce production costs and increase products' value to consumers. Standards however entail risks of anti-competitive abuse. After the adoption of a standard, the chosen technology normally lacks credible substitutes. The owner of the patented technology might thus have additional...

Governments play a significant role in determining how markets function and use a variety of policies for this purpose, including economic regulation, trade policy and antitrust. Some of these policies (i.e. trade policy and antitrust) in principle promote competition directly, but sometimes are...

Against the background of the asymmetric mandates of Global Antitrust Institutions (GAIs), this paper explores the potential for juris-generative interactions in the form of legal transplants of antitrust rules and principles from the OECD, the UNCTAD, and the ICN to the WTO through the gateway...

The intersection of competition law and labor market has long been a controversial topic. As antitrust decisional practice shows a historical evolvement to a deeper scrutiny of anti competitive practices in the labor market, the recent developments indicate that it is no longer a debate that...

While the traditional literature and the policy statements concerning standardization as such emphasize the benefits of standardization, the intellectual property and competition law literature and policymaking has been more critical of standardization. Intellectual property is relevant, as the...

Technological standards give rise to a complements problem that affects pricing and innovation incentives of technology producers. In this paper I discuss how patent pools can be used to solve these problems and what incentives patent holders have to form a patent pool. I offer some suggestions...