A two-dimensional Cellular Automata model is proposed to simulate the exit dynamics of occupant evacuation. Concerning the exit width and the door separation, we put forward some useful standpoints: (1) exit width should be bigger than a critical value, and the door separation should be neither...

Recovering from unanticipated disasters is critical in today’s global market. This paper examines the effectiveness of popular recovery strategies used to address unpredictable disasters that derail supply chains. We create a formal model to portray dynamic operational performance among supply...

The investigation of traffic flow problems has a long tradition and various methods and approaches have been applied. In this review we focus on statistical mechanics and nonequilibrium aspects. It is shown that many properties of traffic flow can be modelled successfully by using rather simple...

This special journal issue of Advances in Complex Systems presents a collection of papers describing current research delivered by recognized researchers actively working in various corners of the field of modeling of complex systems by cellular automata and related methods. All included papers...

The modelling of traffic flow using methods and models from physics has a long history. In recent years especially cellular automata models have allowed for large-scale simulations of large traffic networks faster than real time. On the other hand, these systems are interesting for physicists...

A car-following model of single-lane traffic is studied. Traffic flow is modeled by a system of Newton-type ordinary differential equations. Different solutions (equilibria and limit cycles) of this system correspond to different phases of traffic. Limit cycles appear as results of Hopf...

Cellular automata (CA) provide a simple and intuitive approach for modelling interdisciplinary problems. We discuss the basic principles which have lead to the development of realistic CA models for the description of highway traffic. Sophisticated models reproduce even the microscopic structure...