Trade economists measure misreporting at the importer’s customs by comparing the export value reported at the exporter’s customs with the import value reported at the importer’s customs. The more significant the gap, the larger the extent of misreporting by the importer motivated by...

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of brand loyalty on the country of origin, in the context of cosmetic and skin-care products (i.e. makeup). The study also examines the students’ demography on the relationship between brand reputation and purchase behavior. In this study,...

This article presents a theory-based approach to the identification and integration of intangible elements of customer contribution to value-oriented planning. Our analysis is premised on the Resource Based View and the concept of Value Based Management. We develop a value driver tree, which...

The importance that managers attribute to budgets is an indicator of their preferences about budgets and, as a consequence, of their demand for budgets. If organizations know the process by which managers attribute importance to budgets, they can act on the antecedents of importance and hence,...