J.F. Kennedy once said: “Consumers, by definition, include us all.” Indeed, no matter where we look in the Croatian legal system, we come across a new consumer. Sometimes this is a consumer protected by lex generalis for consumer protection, the Consumer Protection Act. Another time it is a...

This paper provides an overview of the position of consumers on the EU Digital Single Market under de lege lata and de lege ferenda EU legislation. By fulfilling the goals of the EU Digital Single Market Strategy from 2015, the European Commission has released two proposals containing harmonised...

Through its case law, the CJEU has developed and established various legal institutions and principles guaranteeing the effectiveness of EU law including consumer protection law. Although much time has passed since the CJEU required from Member States' courts to give the “Community (now:...

Purchasing real estate is the most important act in the life of the average consumer” according to the Commission Report, COM(95) 117 final. The mortgage credit market belongs to the most complex markets in which consumers engage and the mortgage credit agreements make 70 % of consumer credits...

An unprecedented number of consumer problems has been caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, not least with regard to refunds of prepayments and the ability of consumers to keep up their monthly payments under loan and rental agreements. Based on a notion of societal force majeure sketched in this...