COVID-19 has spread to various countries including Indonesia, requiring various sectors to immediately take a stance in preventing wider transmission, including the education sector. In this regard, the Ministry of Education and Culture has taken a firm stance through several circular letters...

Alphabet theory is a framework that combines several theoretical elements of individual consumers: norm belief value theory (V.B.N.), Attitude Behavior Context Theory (A.B.C.), knowledge (K), information seeking (I.S.), context (C), habit (H), and demographics (D). This framework proposes that...

Word of mouth (WOM) and observational learning (OL), as two types of social interaction, have been generally discussed by researchers. And both have a significant impact on consumer purchasing decisions. Online shopping has also begun in Indonesia, but consumers are not accustomed to shopping...