Three years after the execution of the VAP, Chinese government has managed to hoist its national village penetration to 98.9% at the end of 2006, which means about 99% of the total administrative villages nationwide have now been connected by at least two workable telephone lines. As part of the...

Clearinghouses are systemic nodes in financial markets that handle trillions of dollars’ worth of transactions. Yet, these critical market infrastructures stand on fragile foundations. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act of 2010, the sweeping financial reform that followed the 2008 financial...

Two recent cases, one from New Zealand and the other from the UK, highlight issues relating to the intersection between company law and securities law. In one, the directors attempted to defend alleged breaches of the statutory duty to make full prospectus disclosure by asserting that they were...

Mobile telecommunications has been a considerable success with consumers, yet markets are oligopolies designed by governments and by industry, with many flaws, including limited ability to regulate prices, quality of service and coverage. Markets have been partially opened to competition, with...

Crowdfunding, a new Internet-based securities market, was recently authorized by federal and state law in order to create a vibrant, diverse, and inclusive system of entrepreneurial finance. But will people really send their money to strangers on the Internet in exchange for unregistered...

Electricity reform typically involves little regard to the possibility that customer ownership might substitute for the "protections" of state ownership, or for investor ownership under regulatory safeguards, where market power is a concern. Recognising that regulation is itself costly, and that...

Artificial Intelligence (hereafter: AI) is transforming our everyday life in many important respects. The corporate realm is no exception. Many corporations cannot avoid facing the variety of issues raised by the increasing importance that AI plays within firms. Can an AI-based system be...

Although a successor to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol has not materialised yet, the 2009 Copenhagen meeting underlined the importance of China in international debates on climate and energy. This is not only based on China’s current climate emissions, but also on its expected energy use and economic...

My purpose in this paper is to examine three distinct approaches to the notion that companies should be run in the interests of shareholders; shareholder entitlement, shareholder primacy, and shareholder empowerment. I show how these ideologies were a response to a particular set of political...

This thesis critically evaluates the governance, resolution of disputes and regulation of decentralised autonomous organisations (DAOs) through the lens of institutional cryptoeconomics (IC). DAOs, which use smart contracts, and therefore blockchain, are a new type of organisation, which can...