In this tutorial article, the strategies available to hedge market risks arising from different financing instruments are explained. Financial derivatives, whether futures or options have been widely applied in companies to mitigate or eliminate potential losses due to the uncertainty in...

This paper explores how the structure of EU non-financial corporation's in terms of size and activity specialisation can influence their financing mix and, particularly, the use of capital markets as a source of funding.Significant differences in the structure and size of firms are observed...

This paper documents that the bond investments of insurance companies transmit shocks from insurance markets to the real economy. Liquidity windfalls from household insurance purchases increase insurers' demand for corporate bonds. Exploiting the fact that insurers persistently invest in a small...

This paper reports the results of a survey of nine Dutch (AUM EUR 342 billion) and five Canadian (AUM CAD 203 billion) pension funds and fiduciary managers on the investment and management decisions regarding illiquid assets. The Dutch pension funds in our sample invest 15% of their portfolio in...

Using data from a peer-to-business crowdlending platform that exploits an auction-driven system to fund corporate loans, we show that non-professional investors are subject to a geographical-proximity bias. They are more likely to win the auctions of borrowers located close to their place of...

We investigate the real effects of mandatory climate-related disclosure by financialinstitutions on the funding of carbon-intensive industries. Our impact metric is the amountinvested into securities, bonds and stocks, issued by fossil fuel companies. A French law,which came into force in...

We investigate the real effects of mandatory climate-related disclosure by financial institutions on the funding of carbon-intensive industries. Our impact metric is the amount invested into securities, bonds and stocks, issued by fossil fuel companies. A French law, which came into force in...

Productive firms can access credit markets directly by issuing corporate bonds or by borrowing through financial intermediaries. In this paper, we study the cyclical properties of corporate credit provision through these two types of debt instruments in major advanced economies. We argue that...

This study gives an overview of recent innovations in the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Asia. While SMEs are an important contributor to employment and gross domestic product in Asia, they often face significant credit constraints. Recently, in the context of Asia's...

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of most Asian economies. The main obstacle to the development of the SME sector is the lack of stable finance. Considering the bank-dominated characteristic of economies in Asia, banks are the main source of financing, and the lack of a...