Drafts and tests a topology of the relative powers of the chief executive officer (CEO) and the board of directors. A review of relevant literature reveals four types of boards of directors: caretaker, statutory, proactive, and participative, of which the latter two represent the strongest...

Equity crowdfunding markets have grown exponentially over the last few years. Despite this impressive growth, significant informational asymmetry problems may plague these markets, making them susceptible to difficulties and even market failure. In this paper, we depart from current equity...