Change of management restrictions (CMRs) in loan contracts give lenders explicit ex-ante control rights over managerial retention and selection. This paper shows that lenders use CMRs to mitigate risks arising from CEO turnover, especially those related to the loss of human capital and...

Change in control clauses are pervasive in loan contracts, yet their terms are not boilerplate. Examining 14,940 contracts, we document significant heterogeneity in the use and size of ownership caps, which limit large equity block formation. Lenders set lower caps to mitigate risks arising from...

Lending corruption is an important agency problem for banks. Using data from the World Bank Business Environmental Survey, we find that in countries with more lending corruption, banks give more favorable loan terms to borrowers. This relation is stronger when firms are under more financing...

Financial technology (FinTech) companies are increasingly important in the financial system. We investigate the effect of peer-to-peer (P2P) lending on traditional banks' loan losses by examining whether and how P2P lending activity in a state affects loan loss provisions of that state's...

The recent switch from the incurred credit loss model to the expected credit loss model is an important change to bank financial reporting systems around the world. The expected credit loss model requires banks to monitor their borrowers closely for more timely recognition of loan losses. We...