We examine the knock-on effect of credit rating changes in Korean Chaebol. We show that credit rating changes of chaebol-affiliated firm share the effect of credit rating change with related affiliates because: (1) chaebol affiliates share their internal capital markets and (2) chaebol...

We test the biasedness of unsolicited ratings relative to solicited ratings using the ex post firm performance measured by the long-run stock performance of firms following rating announcements and changes. We find that the announcements of new unsolicited ratings are followed by negative...

The SEC’s NRSRO designation for Japanese credit rating agencies is suitable for examining certification and monitoring effects, as Japanese domestic bond markets are not subject to SEC regulations. We find that the certification increased the market share of new NRSROs (R&I and JCR) compared...