This article investigates the relationship between credit ratings and a local governments' decisions to utilize one type of smart city innovation—the 311 system (non-emergency versions of 911 that utilize phone, web, and mobile application interfaces). We pair longitudinal financial data with...

Understanding the financial condition of local governments is important for public managers and elected officials as they work to align revenues with public demands for services, while maintaining financial solvency. This task becomes even more important when the economic and financial...