The study investigates the role of security officers and the police in dampening the effect of insecurity on homicides … Negative Binomial regressions. Three main findings are established. First , security officers and the police significantly … thresholds suggest that a maximum deployment of security officers and the police is required in order to completely cancel out …

between policing and arrests. During shift changes a peculiar redeployment of police patrols belonging to separate police … that criminals exploit these dips in police performance. A back of the envelope calculation suggests that incapacitation …

wages in the legal labor market). Public security policies are defined as pairs of a size of the police force and an average … length of sentences. We propose an original micro-founded police production function linking the level of police expenditures … investments in schooling and explore the potential complementarities across public security and educational policies. …

police forces tasked with preventing crime. We study the 1829 formation of the London Metropolitan Police - the first … professional force worldwide. Using newly digitized and geocoded crime and police data together with difference-indifferences and …