Learning or experience curves are widely used to estimate cost functions in manufacturing modeling. They have recently … shows that there is a fundamental statistical identification problem in trying to separate learning from exogenous … technological change and that the estimated learning coefficient will generally be biased upwards. Second, we present two empirical …

Policymakers all over the world claim: no innovation without protection. For more than a century, critics have objected …. It is possible to model innovation as a prisoner's dilemma between potential innovators, and to interpret intellectual …