Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how, and the degree to which, superior and peer managers exerted pressure on middle managers' work cross‐culturally. Design/methodology/approach – Australian ( n =251) and Singaporean ( n =340) health managers, respectively of Anglo and...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate in an Anglo and a Confucian‐Asian nation how pressure is exerted on middle managers by their subordinate staff, and the managerial activities affected. Design/methodology/approach – In a survey, Australian ( n =251) and Singaporean ( n...