Most cross-cultural research focuses on general differences or similarities between cultures, while little attention has been paid to when these differences emerge. A dynamic constructivist view of culture (Hong, Morris, Chiu, & Benet- Martínez, 2000; Morris & Fu, 2001) posits that culture impacts...

Cultural intelligence (CQ), defined as one's capability to adapt to new cultural contexts (Earley, 2002), is a new concept in organizational literature. In this paper, we identify cultural intelligence as an important individual variable in international business negotiation. We propose a...

When companies have service failures, they need to not only fix the actual problem but also to communicate with customers in ways that do not damage the relationship. This study examines whether people with different cultural orientations react differently to the communications that attack or...