Benchmarking methods, primarily non-parametric techniques such as Data Envelopment Analysis, have become well-established and informative tools for economic regulation, in particular in energy infrastructure regulation. The axiomatic features of the non-parametric methods correspond closely to...

This paper extends the links between the non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for efficiency analysis, duality theory and multi-criteria decision making models for the linear and non-linear case. By drawing on the properties of a partial Lagrangean relaxation, a correspondence...