This paper presents a non-radial directional distance function approach to modeling energy and CO2emission performance in electricity generation from the production efficiency point of view. We first define and construct the environmental production technologies for the countries with and...

This paper proposes a parametric frontier approach to estimating economy-wide energy efficiency performance from a production efficiency point of view. It uses the Shephard energy distance function to define an energy efficiency index and adopts the stochastic frontier analysis technique to...