The outcome effect occurs where an evaluator, who has knowledge of the outcome of a judge's decision , assesses the quality of the judgment of that decision maker. If the evaluator has knowledge of a negative outcome, then that knowledge negatively influences his or her assessment of the ex ante...

The Arellano-Bond estimator is a fundamental method for dynamic panel data models, widely used in practice. However, the estimator is severely biased when the data's time series dimension T is long due to the large degree of overidentification. We show that weak dependence along the panel's time...