To mark the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, this paper aims to assess developments in Central, East and Southeast Europe (CESEE) over the past three decades, and to look forward to what the next 30 years might bring. First, we measure the convergence of per capita income, wages...

Population sizes, birth and death rates / Piyu Yue -- Changing age structure of the Muslim population / Piyu Yue -- Rapid urbanization and its problems / Piyu Yue -- Population quality : illiteracy and education / Piyu Yue -- The Islamic empires / Piyu Yue -- Colonization and Islamic...