Using a new structural model of credit risk based on the normal instead of the lognormal firm value dynamics and market price implied asset value volatility as the model volatility input, we quantify the value of credit spreads of the four largest U.S. banks had their senior unsecured bonds...

A central proposition in research on the role of banks in the transmission mechanism is that monetary policy imparts a direct impact on deposits and that deposits act as the driving force of bank lending. This paper argues that the emphasis on policy-induced changes in deposits is misplaced. A...

In Time Deposits, Dimension, and Fraud (2009), William Barnett and Walter Block argue that by borrowing short and lending long there is an over issuance of property rights. Their article, however, does not fully extend the consequences of their contribution. Once this is done, it becomes clearer...

Fractional reserve regimes generate fragile banking, and full reserve regimes (e.g., narrow banking) remove fragility at the cost of suppressing the role of banks as lenders. A Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) could provide safe money, but at the cost of potentially disrupting bank lending....

A key feature of the financial crisis was that the cost to banks of unsecured term funding rose sharply relative to expected policy rates and did so heterogeneously across banks. This paper examines the pass-through of bank funding costs to retail loan and deposit rates in the United Kingdom,...

By the act of lending banks do not actually intermediate pre-accumulated real resources but rather create new financial resources in the form of deposits. Therefore, bank credit needs to be modelled as a monetary phenomenon, which directly fuels domestic demand and inflationary pressures. So...

A central proposition in research on the role that banks play in the transmission mechanism is that monetary policy imparts a direct impact on deposits and that deposits, insofar as they constitute the supply of loanable funds, act as the driving force of bank lending. This paper argues that the...

How a historic drop in bank deposits shapes banks' loan supply? We exploit the effects of a large, and unexpected, increase in monetary policy rates to estimate the deposit channel of monetary policy using an extensive credit register that includes all bank-firm lending relationships in all euro...

Rapid and large deposit outflows from banks have regained attention in the context of the March 2023 demises of Credit Suisse, SVB and other regional US banks. Moreover, the possible introduction of CBDC or a marked success of stablecoins are perceived as additional clouds over the future of...

In this paper, I examine whether Hyman P. Minsky adopted an endogenous money approach in his early work - at the time that he was first developing his financial instability approach. In an earlier piece (Wray 1992), I closely examined Minsky's published writings to support the argument that,...