Empirical work shows that competition is important for promoting economic growth. However, in Japan the promotion of … competition has long been compromised by ministerial guidance and exemptions from the competition law. Thus, the level and growth … Japanese economy had difficulty in coming out of the quasi-stagnation of the past decade. Recognising that gains from more pro-competition …

. Competition has an important role to play in achieving such gains. However, Korea’s development strategy has tended to weaken … competition and has left a legacy of government intervention. Strengthening competition requires upgrading competition policy …

competition is important for promoting economic growth. Recognising the benefits of competition, the government wants to introduce … regulatory reforms to stimulate economic growth. However, the promotion of competition has often conflicted with other policy … competition in a number of sectors, resulting in high prices, weak innovative activity and inefficient resource allocation …

. Available cross-country evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an important means to improve economic performance …. France is catching up with best practice in competition policy reform. However, other policy considerations often hamper the … emergence of effective competition. Relatively weak competitive pressures remain in a number of sectors, particularly in …

considerable and cross-country empirical evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an important means of achieving this …. Structural reforms to strengthen competition in the early 1990s did boost growth and were also ahead of similar developments in … the EU. However, indicators suggest that relatively weak competition remains in a number of sectors. Moreover, potential …

We study competition in the German interurban bus industry two years after its liberalization in January 2013. In … of market power by incumbents – and derive several recommendations to secure effective competition in the industry. …

monopoly basis, competition does play a key role on routes with a sufficiently large base of (potential) customers. From a … 24 years old and the presence of intermodal competition by intercity railway services. …

The Discussion Paper examines the regulation of the air transport sector from the perspective of competition law … competition law level …