A short history of deregulation -- Recent regulatory history -- Enron -- Deregulation -- Notes -- Corporate self-regulation … -- Cost containment versus safety regulation -- Short-term earnings increase -- Shutdown and financial crisis -- Enron … notice -- SEC enforcement -- Epilogue -- Observations -- Notes -- Corporate self-regulation: the accountant as gatekeeper …

. Recognising that regulation is itself costly, and that market contracting, ownership and regulation are partly substitutable forms … contracting, ownership and regulation than does state ownership. Regulation of customer-owned distribution (and transmission) is … ownership has evolved as an effective substitute for regulation. Policy implications are drawn …