, competitive asymmetry, presuming that the competition among the companies is not equal and rivals do not consider each other at … variables have an effect on competitive tension among airlines, airlines operating in the domestic air transport market in …

Empirical work shows that competition is important for promoting economic growth. However, in Japan the promotion of … competition has long been compromised by ministerial guidance and exemptions from the competition law. Thus, the level and growth … Japanese economy had difficulty in coming out of the quasi-stagnation of the past decade. Recognising that gains from more pro-competition …

changed both, the airlines' frequencies and the market shares. Our results show that it has reduced on average the number of …

We posit and empirically test the hypothesis that airlines are able to charge a fare premium in markets that originate … demonstrate that airlines have substantial domestic market power, enabling them to raise fares at their domestic airports … determinant of the degree of market power that airlines can exert in the international airline industry. …

This paper examines retail competition in a liberalized gas market. Vertically integrated firms run both wholesale … clauses limit the incentives to face-to-face competition and determine segmentation and monopoly pricing even when entry of … new competitors occurs. The development of wholesale trade, instead, may induce generalized entry and retail competition …

and decreases prices through accessibility to air transport service and actual competition, respectively. Also, structural …

between airlines and the level of liberalization signed between governments in the international aviation market. Our work … the type of codeshare agreements signed by the airlines …