states for the years from 2004 to 2012. The results show that the more effective previous broadband access regulation is, the …-linear manner. It appears that the approach of strict cost-based access regulation embedded in the EU regulatory framework is at …

telecommunications regulation and broadband plans in the Kingdoms of Belgium and Spain, both member states of the EU and having complex … Union. This paper briefly examines how the present systems operate for telecommunications in general and broadband in … competition law, sector regulation, promotion of adoption by specific social groups (e.g., urban poor, elderly and disabled …

institutions. The influence of changing markets and increasing competition in telecommunications on the institutional structure of … these authorities are analysed. The transition from monopoly market to a competitive market in telecommunications was … authorities specified that sector-specific regulation would be a transitional measure. In the meantime, general economic …