Over the last two decades, default rates and market risk have increased substantially. A consequence of the growing global interlacing is a strong dependence between both individual stock returns and credit events. Risk management (especially risk diversification) is much more challenging,...

In this paper, we establish a comparison between one of the most traded financial derivatives in the markets, the so-called catastrophe bonds (abbreviated as cat bonds) and the corporate bonds. In the first section, we start from a brief definition as well as some basic concepts. In section two,...

Using Credit Default Swap spreads, we construct a forward-looking, market-implied carbon risk factor and show that carbon risk affects firms' credit spread. The effect is larger for European than North American firms and varies substantially across industries, suggesting the market recognises...