Issues related to the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity conservation policies have not yet been prominent in European conservation research and policy-making. Nevertheless, there is a small but growing literature which analyses such cost-effectiveness issues on both a conceptual and an applied...

The article evaluates the farmers' transaction costs defined as the weighted time spent on preparing their offer for two calls for tender for environmental services in agriculture which were carried out as a pilot project. Following a discussion of the specific need for research, the paper gives...