This paper provides new evidence on the effects of government spending shocks and the fiscal transmission mechanism in the euro area for the period 1980-2008. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we investigate changes in the macroeconomic impact of government spending shocks using time-varying...

The paper describes the main transmission channels of the spillovers of national fiscal policies to other countries within the euro area and investigates their magnitude using different models. In the context of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), fiscal spillovers are relevant for the accurate...

The current European fiscal framework is highly complex. The multitude of fiscal rules and the discretion in their enforcement precludes an effective oversight and weakens the effectiveness of fiscal rules substantially. Against this background, we present a proposal for a careful refocusing of...

This study updates the annual comparative analysis of the performance and structures of the German science system. We use several bibliometric indicators of productivity and academic impact to assess Germany's performance for the period 1995-2020 compared against 22 countries and the EU13, EU14,...

In dieser Kurzstudie zu Forschung und Entwicklung (FuE) in Staat und Wirtschaft werden ausgewählte Kernindikatoren aktualisiert und analysiert. Im Fokus stehen Indikatoren zur Position Deutschlands im internationalen FuE-Wettbewerb und Kennzahlen zur sektoralen und regionalen Verteilung der...

The present paper investigates the effectiveness of R&D subsidies given to start-ups. Taking an aggregate view rather than evaluating a single program, we estimate the impact of R&D subsidies on start-ups’ employment growth and their patent output. A unique data set on start-ups in the East...

The study looks at primary expenditure developments in the euro area, its three largest members and four "macro-imbalances" countries for the period 1999-2009. It compares actual expenditure trends with those that would have prevailed if countries had followed neutral policies based on...